English Translation8.20 - 8.21 Superior, as an object of human end, to this unmanifest (Avyakta), which is inanimate Prakrti, there is another state of being, of a kind different from this, but also called Avyakta. It has only knowledge-form and is also unmanifest. It is the self, Atman. It is unmanifest because It cannot be apprehended by any means of knowledge (Pramanas). The meaning is that Its nature is unie and that It can be known only to Itself. That is, It can be understood only vaguely in the ordinary ways of knowing. It is eternal, namely, ever-enduring, because It is not subject to origination and annihilation. In texts like 'For those who meditate on the imperishable, undefinable, the unmanifest' (12.3) and 'The imperishable is called the unchanging' (15.16) - that being the self. It has been called the unmanifest (Avyakta) and imperishable (Aksara); when all material elements like ether, etc., with their causes and effects are annihilated, the self is not annihilated in spite of It being found alone with all the elements. [The elements are what constitute the bodies of beings.]
The knowers of the Vedas declare It as the highest end. The meaning is that the imperishable entity which has been denoted by the term 'highest goal' in the passage, 'Whosoever abandons the body and departs (in the manner described) reaches the highest state (Dhama)' (8.13), is the self (Atman) abiding in Its essential nature free from the contact with the Prakrti. This self, which abides thus in Its essential nature, by attaining which It does not return, - this is My 'highest abode,' i.e., is the highest object of My control. The inanimate Prakrti is one object of My control. The animate Prakrti associated with this inanimate Prakrti is the second object of My control. The pristine nature of the freed self, free from contact with inanimate matter, is the highest object of My rule. Such is the meaning. This state is also one of non-return to Samsara. Or the term 'dhama' may signify 'luminosity'. And luminosity connotes knowledge. The essential nature of the freed self is boundless knowledge, or supreme light, which stands in contrast to the shrunken knowledge of the self, when involved in Prakrti. [The description given above is that of Kaivalya, the state of self-luminous existence as the pure self].
Sri Krsna now teaches that the object of attainment for the Jnanin, is totally different from this:
Sanskrit Commentaryредред8.21редредрд╕рдГ рдЕрд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрдГ рдЕрдХреНрд╖рд░ рдЗрддрд┐ рдЙрдХреНрддрдГрдпреЗ рддреНрд╡рдХреНрд╖рд░рдордирд┐рд░реНрджреЗрд╢реНрдпрдорд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрдВ рдкрд░реНрдпреБрдкрд╛рд╕рддреЗред (рдЧреАрддрд╛ 12ред3)рдХреВрдЯрд╕реНрдереЛрд╜рдХреНрд╖рд░ рдЙрдЪреНрдпрддреЗредред (рдЧреАрддрд╛ 15ред16) рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐рд╖реБ рддрдВ рд╡реЗрджрд╡рд┐рджрдГ рдкрд░рдорд╛рдВ рдЧрддрд┐рдореН рдЖрд╣реБрдГ рдЕрдпрдореН рдПрд╡рдпрдГ рдкреНрд░рдпрд╛рддрд┐ рддреНрдпрдЬрдиреН рджреЗрд╣рдВ рд╕ рдпрд╛рддрд┐ рдкрд░рдорд╛рдВ рдЧрддрд┐рдореНредред рдЗрддреНрдпрддреНрд░ рдкрд░рдордЧрддрд┐рд╢рдмреНрджрдирд┐рд░реНрджрд┐рд╖реНрдЯрдГ рдЕрдХреНрд╖рд░рдГ рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐рд╕рдВрд╕рд░реНрдЧрд╡рд┐рдпреБрдХреНрддрд╕реНрд╡рд░реВрдкреЗрдг рдЕрд╡рд╕реНрдерд┐рдд рдЖрддреНрдорд╛ рдЗрддреНрдпрд░реНрдердГредрдпрдореН рдПрд╡рдВрднреВрддрдВ рд╕реНрд╡рд░реВрдкреЗрдгрд╛рд╡рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрдореН рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдп рди рдирд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрдиреНрддреЗ рддрджреН рдордо рдкрд░рдордВ рдзрд╛рдо рдкрд░рдордВ рдирд┐рдпрдордирд╕реНрдерд╛рдирдореНред рдЕрдЪреЗрддрдирдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐рдГ рдПрдХрдВ рдирд┐рдпрдордирд╕реНрдерд╛рдирдореН рддрддреНрд╕рдВрд╕реГрд╖реНрдЯрд░реВрдкрд╛ рдЬреАрд╡рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐рдГ рджреНрд╡рд┐рддреАрдпрдВ рдирд┐рдпрдордирд╕реНрдерд╛рдирдореН рдЕрдЪрд┐рддреНрд╕рдВрд╕рд░реНрдЧрд╡рд┐рдпреБрдХреНрддрдВ рд╕реНрд╡рд░реВрдкреЗрдгрд╛рд╡рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрдВ рдореБрдХреНрддрд╕реНрд╡рд░реВрдкрдВ рдкрд░рдордВ рдирд┐рдпрдордирд╕реНрдерд╛рдирдореН рдЗрддреНрдпрд░реНрдердГред рддрддреН рдЪ рдЕрдкреБрдирд░рд╛рд╡реГрддреНрддрд┐рд░реВрдкрдореНредрдЕрдерд╡рд╛ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд╢рд╡рд╛рдЪреА рдзрд╛рдорд╢рдмреНрджрдГ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд╢рдГ рдЪ рдЗрд╣ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдирдореН рдЕрднрд┐рдкреНрд░реЗрддрдВ рдкреНрд░рдХреГрддрд┐рд╕рдВрд╕реГрд╖реНрдЯрд╛рддреН рдкрд░рд┐рдЪреНрдЫрд┐рдиреНрдирдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдирд░реВрдкрд╛рджреН рдЖрддреНрдордирдГ рдЕрдкрд░рд┐рдЪреНрдЫрд┐рдиреНрдирдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдирд░реВрдкрддрдпрд╛ рдореБрдХреНрддрд╕реНрд╡рд░реВрдкрдВ рдкрд░рдВ рдзрд╛рдоредрдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдирд┐рдирдГ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдпрдВ рддреБ рддрд╕реНрдорд╛рджреН рдЕрддреНрдпрдиреНрддрд╡рд┐рднрдХреНрддрдореН рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рд╣ --